Interoperability Child Abuse and Child Protective...

Interoperability Interoperability has been described as the extent in which systems and devices can exchange data and translate that shared information. It is the ability of one system to perform work in addition with other systems without asking for too much hard work from the other users. This system enhances the importance for information technology to make the networks and integrations work. In order for the process to function properly the two systems that are attempting to share information must be able to exchange data and introduce that same information to other users in a way that he or she can understand it. There are many organizations in the business world and many have different operating systems. The importance of†¦show more content†¦Next, is to provide the best services possible to meet each child and families unique needs. Last, taking each allegation made seriously and assessing the allegations to the best of one’s ability to ensure that if there is any form of a buse or neglect the necessary steps occur in order to protect the child. The services of CPS are to intervene if necessary and protect children until his or her parent is capable to doing so. The most essential aspect of CPS is to recognize the protection of children and to ensure that reasonable efforts are made to maintain children safely in their own home, to reunite the family as soon as the courts see fit or to find permanency for the child if the situation permits for the parental rights to be voided. Other services include mental health, counseling, parenting skills training, medical care/services and adoption services. Methods of Interoperability There are several different methods to implement interoperability. Many organizations have created their own interoperability methods. One of the methods of interoperability is technical interoperability, which is the ability for different technologies to communicate and exchange data-based upon well-defined interface standards. The second is semantic interoperability, which is the ability toShow MoreRelatedWhy Be Concerned About Cyber-Security?3693 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction Cyber security became ever more crucial for global business and modern society. We are living in a data-centric world in which information technology and associated communications systems as well as networks that provide goods and services permeate every facet of our lives. This creates the safeguard of our digital assets and activities within cyberspace of critical importance, whether for individual life experience or a prosperous and sustainable society. But the challenge to understandRead MoreCyber Crime8138 Words   |  33 Pagesget the credit numbers Cyber Spreading child pornography or sexually implicit material The Lack of Attention in the Prevention of Cyber crime and How to Improve it 5 pornography Marketing strategies Intellectual Property Email spoofing Software piracy, copyright infringement, trademark violations, theft of computer code Hacking email/password; sending unwanted message to others ruining a person’s image E-Murder Political Theft of telecommunication services Information piracy and forgery Money launderingRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesDirector: Jayne Conte Cover Designer: Bruce Kenselaar Photo Researcher: Karen Sanatar Manager, Rights and Permissions: Hessa Albader Cover Art: Fotolia Media Editor: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Cover Printer: Leghigh-Phoenex Color Text Font: 10/12, Times Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on

Questions On World Philosophy By Plato, Maria...

World Philosophy Paper Mikala: I ask you this, what is Knowledge? Plato: Knowledge is Virtue. Maria Montessori: Knowledge is what we observe. John Dewey: Knowledge is the active adaptation of a person based on their environment. This is an example of the Socratic dialog laid out by Plato. Plato was a philosopher and educator whom believed that education was the key to society. As a student, I realize how my education was impacted by philosophers such a Plato, Montessori, and Dewey. As a future teacher, it is my responsibility to decide which philosophies of education I believe and which methods I would use to impact my students. For this reason, I am going to explore three different types of philosophy as presented by Plato, Maria†¦show more content†¦As a teacher, I would implement Plato’s strategies by using the Socratic teaching method as illustrated above. Leonard Nelson writes in â€Å"The Socratic Method† that this method of teaching focusses on giving students questions rather than answers, thereby allowing the students to interact and seek truth. For this reason, the student becomes the cente r of education, and the teacher becomes the facilitator of information. This is why Plato writes in Meno that knowledge will not come from teaching, but it will come from questioning (Thompson). I enjoyed the Socratic seminars in high a school because it allowed me as a student to search for answers to the given question, and I had immediate feedback from my peers. As a teacher, I would like to use this method occasionally because I value critical thinking rather than passively receiving information. Realism maintains an objective order of reality in which we gain knowledge from that reality. Many teachers value and use this philosophy of education in their classrooms today. Perhaps one of the most influential catalyst for realism in the classroom is Dr. Maria Montessori. Montessori believed that each child is a worthy individual that is tasked with the duty to develop themselves into mature adults. One of her main ideas is that learning should occur naturally and at the right time for each child, advocating, â€Å"it is true weShow MoreRelatedMy Philosophy of Education Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesMy philosophy on education is that all students should receive the most uplifting educational experience. I want to change a student’s spirit towards all aspects of their school and curriculum. Creating a sense of pride in themselves and where they attend school is a crucial element in their interest in education. A student should be allowed to form their own opinions, in stead of conforming to the ideas of their teacher. This will be accomplished by allowing the students to take charge of their

Real Family Values Essay Example For Students

Real Family Values Essay Real Family Values What are some things that you could never live without? You might say food, water, shelter, or clothing. Other, less conventional, answers might include a cell phone, lip gloss, or Starbucks coffee. However, according to psychologist Abraham H. Maslow, all people need belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization. Carol Shields sustained that family values include qualities such as nurturing caring, and emotional support in her essay entitled Family Is One of the Few Certainties We Will Take with Us Far into the Future. I agree with Shields that these family values are important because they provide sources of belongingness, esteem and self-actualization that are basic needs for life. When I discuss family values, I do not mean traditional family values. Family values involve a diverse family structure that helps its members to receive all the needs of life, ranging from biological to emotional to psychological needs, as outlined by Abraham H. Maslow in 1954. This diverse structure does not have to include a mom, a dad, and children. Family values are demonstrated by any group of people that encompasses the above ideals. Belongingness involves the company of others. It is a feeling that your existence matters to others. Belonging is a feeling that other people car. Shields, in her essay, brings up the story of St. Jerome, am man who needed no one other than God. This man was a rare example of humanity, because most people find comfort in the sense of belonging to others. The structure of a family, no matter how diverse, gives individuals belongingness. Examples of belonging are the comfort that children have for their caretakers and comfort that adults feel with their relationship with a partner or spouse. In addition to belong, family values help individuals to feel recognition. This recognition helps to build a persons esteem. Self-esteem involves the positive or negative image that a person holds about himself or herself and his or her accomplishments. A family will support its members and even, if difficult, will help its members to be successful. Examples of this value in a family situation are a single mother who encourages her only daughter to go away to college, even thought it is difficult for the single mother to live alone. Finally, one of the most important values that can be fulfilled by family is for its individuals to have self-actualization, or to have a feeling that they can be all that they can be. This is a need that most often parents provide for their children, but it is not bound by age or experience. Having a family that endorses family values means that each individual has a support structure to use when he or she needs it. This helps the person to have the courage to accomplish all that is possible. Self-actualization will help an adult to is in the process of changing careers and help children to perform their best in school. In short, the courage to succeed, or self-actualization, is provided by family values. It is possible that to some the physical structure of the family is more important than the emotional and psychological needs meet by a family. For Todd Shuster and William S. Pollack in their essay, The Sting of Divorce, they describe a young teen, named Chip, who feels this way. He is understandably devastated by his parents recent divorce and is angry that he will only be living with one parent at a time. He also feels that his parents have given up and thinks that this is the worst decision that they could have made. I can sympathize with his anger, being a child of divorced parents myself, but I feel that Chip did not consider the entire situation. His parents probably divorced because they could not get along, for some reason, living in the same house. I would suppose that his parents, just as mine did, felt that they could do a much better job parenting separately than together. I feel that Chip should focus on the improvement of quality time with each of his parents, rather than focus on how the physical structure of his family has changed. Shields pointed out that there can be a .

Leadership and Institutions in Regional Endogenous

Question: Discuss about the Leadership and Institutions in Regional Endogenous. Answer: Introduction Entrepreneurship is a phenomenon in which the person launched or run a new business like a startup company, small business or selling a product or service to a customer. The person who launches a new business is referred as entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs play a vital role in upgrading the economy of the country. This is because, they bring innovations in their products and services which helps in improving the standard of living of the people of the country. Entrepreneurs create jobs and provide different employment opportunities to unemployed people. Besides this, they also provide training to the employees in order to upgrade their skills according to the change occurred in the business environment in order to remain competitive in the market. It also facilitates in bringing creativity in the marketplace by making huge investments in research and development. Besides this, it also focuses on bringing positive social impact by offering innovative products and services. Entrepreneurs ar e also capable of maintaining and building harmonious relationships with its stakeholders such as customers, financial institutions, government and investors (Casson, 2000). Entrepreneurs cater to the needs of niche market as they put forth the viable business plan. Besides this, entrepreneurs prefer to make investments in small companies as it strengthen the scope of the small businesses and thereby results in an increase in the economic growth and prosperity of the nation. Entrepreneurs try to provide high quality innovative product or service to a customer at reasonable prices which results in accelerating the economic growth of the nation. This is the reason that the government also promotes the innovative ideas of entrepreneurs as it has a significant impact on the economic growth of the country (Goossen and Stevens, 2013). In the beginning, entrepreneurs sell their products at low price which helps in spreading awareness among the potential customers about the product sold by them. This helps in increasing the market penetration of the product. With regard to this, the thesis statement is stated as entrepreneurship is merely a special case of leade rship. Entrepreneurship is merely a special case of leadership Entrepreneurship is the capability of the individual to explore, assess and exploit different opportunities available in the market. It is the ability of an individual to effective manage the potential risks associated with the new idea to be executed by them. An entrepreneurial leader has the ability to introduce innovations in the products and services offered by it. This is because it has a clear and wide vision and influencing powers to execute the vision in an effective manner. It also creates jobs for people of the country by the creation of a new venture and cope up with the changes occurred in the business environment. In ancient time, entrepreneurship and leadership are taken by exceptional intelligent people that bring innovation and grab opportunities available in the market. Besides this, they also make investments in unique ideas in order to accelerate the economic growth of the country (Francis, 2014). Entrepreneurs are regarded as risk takers who establish ventures and operate it at a risk for the purpose of attaining a gain. Entrepreneurs motivate and convince employees to perform a task in an cost effective manner for the purpose of providing best services to its customers. This affects the profitability and performance of the companies. Entrepreneurs analyze the business environment and consider all the obstacles and challenges for the purpose of making better business models and attract people so that deadlines and opportunities can be grabbed and met (Nothhaft, 2011). Besides this, entrepreneurial leaders quickly admit their mistakes and consider them as a challenge which has to be overcome for the purpose of attaining sustainable growth in the market. These leaders are flexible and adapt to the changes occurred in the business environment in a quick manner by making required changes in the policies and procedures of the company and communicate it to the employees. This is because; they are the valuable assets of the company. Such people make immediate changes in their business models for the purpose of adapting to the changes occurred in the business environment. Nowadays, employees are convinced by those leaders that exhibit both their strengths and weaknesses and project themselves as a real human being. This helps in creating authenticity of the leader. This help in convincing employees to brought a desired change in the organization to remain competitive in the industry. Successful entrepreneurs have the knowledge regarding their recognition among the employees which helps them to manage different teams of the organization effectively and efficiently (Ruminski, 2012). Entrepreneurial leader win respect from employees in the organization due to their actions pursued in the organization. Entrepreneurial leaders set goals that are realizable. Such leaders think in an innovative manner which helps employees to work out of their comfort zone and discover their potential hidden qualities. It is required for the entrepreneur to have integrity in their behavior towards employees in order to build trust among them. This helps in convincing people that the action taken by the leader is right and results in increasing the overall productivity and performance of the organization to achieve its common goal in a successful manner. In addition to this, a leader constantly assess the performance of employees which help them to get the knowledge regarding the problems faced by the employees and provide different options in which the problem can be overcome. This also helps in enhancing the skills of employees in the organization (Gonzalez, 2014). Entrepreneurs are alert towards recognizing of the opportunities rather than innovation which helps them to gain an advantage over other players in the market. Entrepreneurs recognize the opportunity and create jobs for people to convert the opportunity into the action. Entrepreneurs recognize the opportunity and make optimum use of the available resources in order to earn money from the opportunity recognized (Kelly, 2014). They get funds to exploit the opportunity from the capitalists and repay it with the interest from the profit attained by selling the goods and services offered by the company or business. It helps in catering to the changing needs of the customers in an effective manner. Entrepreneurs have the ability to get the knowledge of the present trend in the market and manufactures and sell those products which has high demand but not supplied in the market. This helps them to earn high profit as customers are ready to pay premium price for the products that fulfilled th eir unmet needs (Yu and Kwan, 2015). In addition to this, entrepreneurs have a need for power and achievement that drive their actions towards fulfillment of the needs of customers. Entrepreneurs perform activities in a better way and make decisions at the time of uncertainty which helps them to put their vision into reality for the purpose of earning high profits. Entrepreneurs achieve high level of customer satisfaction by creating new value through its products and services in a productive manner. In ancient times, there was a presence of hierarchal structure due to which followers do not have the opportunity to think creatively to generate ideas that improves their productivity (Barrett and Moores, 2009). Nowadays, entrepreneurs engage their employees in decision making process and give opportunity to think in a creative manner to resolve the challenges faced by them due to changes occurred in the business environment. Besides this, entrepreneur purchases inputs in the form of raw material, and labor to form a new product that meet the needs of the customers. Entrepreneur facilitates in bringing together the skilled employees to create productive items that fulfills the demands of customers and provide profit to the entrepreneur (Stimson, Stough and Salazar, 2009). Another characteristic of entrepreneurs is their risk taking ability. Entrepreneurs consider risk taking as a factor of production that prompts them to anticipate the future occurrence of the activity. Entrepreneur take different sources of production i.e. raw material, capital, labor and land in a collective manner in order to fulfill the unmet demands of the customers. Entrepreneurs have a comprehensive understanding of the industry in which they operates as a new idea is conceived by them to meet the needs of the customers for which there is a need to have a better understanding of the changes occurred in the business environment. Besides this, entrepreneurs have a better leadership skills which helps in convincing and motivating the employees to perform their jobs effectively in order to attain the common goal of the business (Baum, Frese and Baron, 2014). The success of an entrepreneur depends on three factors namely it understanding regarding the industry in which it operates, forecasting ability related to demand and supply and leadership skills. Along with this, the performance of entrepreneurs is also affected by the society as it plays a role aligned with the culture, and the role expectations of the society which are based on custom, beliefs and taboos of the society. Besides this, activities pursued by the entrepreneur are also affected by economic factors such as industrial policy, access to finance, ease of raw materials, information, infrastructure and technology. Entrepreneurs are known for their ability to innovate, foresight and creativity. An entrepreneur creates new products, develop new markets for its products and implement new processes to produce those new products at reasonable cost (Kariv, 2013). Nowadays, entrepreneurial leadership is viewed as a charismatic leadership as the leader has an influencing powers and drive innovative change in the processes and procedures to meet the changing needs of the business environment. It has a major contribution in the creation of the jobs and employment opportunities for the local people of the country that would result in enhancing the economic growth of the company. Besides this, it also provides different ways in which an established organization can cope up with the changes occurred in the business environment (Hulsing, 2009). Earlier, leadership and entrepreneurship is considered as an act of exceptional people as innovations have been emerged through spotting new opportunities by such people in the market. Entrepreneurship is considered differently by different people. Some people align entrepreneurship with innovation and creativity; others include vision, personal traits, market readiness, resourcefulness and organizational lifecycles. It is considered as a broad term that takes into consideration all the features mentioned above (Greenberg, Sweet and Wilson, 2011). Leadership is a process through which the leader communicates the goal and objectives of the business to its employees. For the purpose of communicating the information, leaders use their knowledge, skills, abilities, beliefs and values. Different leadership styles are used by the leaders to achieve the common goal of the business in an effective manner. Communication or exchange of views, opinions and thoughts of leaders with its followers and employees helps in building harmonious and strong relations with them. Effective leadership helps in inspiring and convincing people to exhibit their skills and knowledge to perform challenging tasks in an effective manner. Leaders communicate the relevant information regarding the vision, mission and measurable goals to the team in a timely manner so that they can be achieved in a successful manner (Etemad, et al., 2013). Leaders also uses schedules and proper planning of the activities to be carried out to attain the goal of the business in a successful manner. Effective leadership helps in motivating people to increase their efficiency and develop team capabilities in order to carry out different functions of the organization in a proper manner for the purpose of attainment of the common goal of the business in a successful manner (Ensley, Pearce and Hmieleski, 2006). It is essential for the leaders to analyze different opportunities available in the market and bring improvement in the existing processes and procedures in order to gain a competitive edge over other players in the market. Leadership creates huge contribution to performance and high profits. In addition to this, entrepreneurship has a drive of innovation and focuses on bringing large improvements in order to perform different activities in a new manner to achieve success in the market. Entrepreneurship helps in increasing the income level and decline in the poverty levels in the country by creating jobs for unemployed people. It gives direction to the development of the self in terms of flexibility, dedication, creativity, determination and self confidence. It also helps in creation of different options for meeting different needs and opportunities in social and economic factors of business environment (Sung, Gibson and Kang, 2003). These factors also help in occurrence of the continuous learning at the organizational level. Entrepreneurs motivate their employees to perform in a better way to achieve the task and the objectives in a proper and successful manner. Besides this, entrepreneurs develop some personal skills and abilities that help them to achieve success at the time of start up of the business. Entrepreneurs uses innovative ideas and strategies to meet with the business challenges in an effective manner. It is required for the entrepreneurs to develop an effective communication plan and communicate with the suppliers, customers and other important stakeholders directly for the purpose of gaining knowledge regarding different ideas that involves creativity to perform the task effectively. It mainly focuses on growth of the economy by the way of innovation and creation of new opportunities for the society as a whole (Fernald, Solomon and Tarabishy, 2005). Besides this, it also aimed at protecting the intellectual property of the business and make investments in research and development for the purpose of the development of an innovative product which helps in differentiating the company from other companies. It also helps in receiving premium price for the innovative product by the customers. This is because it leads to the fulfillment of the unmet need of the customers. In case of leadership, the leader has the ability to realize the vision of an organization. The entrepreneur gets financial benefit from the leaders as they have common characteristics in front of the business (Eyal and Kark, 2004). Entrepreneur brings important changes in the business as per the changes taking place in the business environment in order to improve the overall productivity and performance. Besides this, it also results in gaining competitive advantage over other players in the market. In addition to this, it also drives economic growth of the countries by creating job opportunities through creation of new ventures. It deals with the way in which opportunities are discovered in terms of new products, market value and services along with its consequences (Cogliser and Brigham, 2004). For the purpose of exploring such opportunities, entrepreneur uses different strategies, personal traits and management tactics in order to implement it in a successful manner. It is also considered as a leadership style as it facilitates in engaging employees in implementing a change in the organization by providing information related to the changes brought in the organization along with its benefits. Besides this, it also takes into consideration the different options suggested by the employees and other stakeholders to implement the change in an effective manner in the organization. This helps in increasing the motivation level of the employees to perform challenging tasks in an effective manner (Chan, 2012). Participation of the employees in the decision making process results in increasing the commitment level of the employees towards the organization. Entrepreneurs mainly focus on bringing innovation in the processes and procedures with the help of available opportunities in order to remain competitive in the market. Entrepreneurship is a broader term in comparison to leadership. It also takes into consideration the characteristics of leadership (Colbert, 2003). A successful entrepreneur can be a successful leader but it is not necessary that a successful leader to be a successful entrepreneur. The main reason behind it is that an entrepreneur establishes a new business to provide new products and services to potential customers and is driven by innovation. Entrepreneurs think differently in order to come up with a new idea of starting a business and grab large market share by making innovations in the processes and procedures for the purpose of grabbing new opportunities in the market (Vecchio, 2003). Along with this, leaders do not evaluate different opportunities to establish a new business but adopt changes in the established business by encouraging employees to accept the change by communicating the information related to the desired change brought in the organization. This helps in familiarize them with the change and its implications to the employees. Besides this, leaders also aids in solving the issues faced by the employees by providing them training to develop and enhance their skills and abilities to perform well in the organization for the purpose of achieving the common goal of the business effectively and efficiently (Fernando, 2007). Conclusion It can be concluded that entrepreneurship is a phenomenon which helps a person to innovate and develop new products and services to meet the unmet demands of the customers. It analyses different opportunities available in the market and accept the changes occurred in the business environment in a quick manner so as to attain competitive advantage over other players in the market. Besides this, entrepreneurs create new jobs and employment opportunities for the local people of the community and contribute towards the economic growth and prosperity of the nation. In addition to this, leadership emphasizes on the bringing change in the strategies, processes and procedures as per the changes occurred in the business environment. In addition to this, it also engages people in the decision making process as they are affected by the change to be occurred in the business in terms of policies and procedures. Entrepreneur communicate the relevant information related to the business policies and procedures and interact with them directly in order to grab the opportunity available for the purpose of providing high level of satisfaction to its stakeholders. In a similar manner, leaders also communicate information related to the changes to be implemented in the organization beforehand which helps in building trust and loyalty among employees towards it. This helps in improving the performance and productivity of the whole organization. Thus, the thesis statement can be restated as the entrepreneurship is not merely a special case of leadership. References Barrett, M. and Moores, K. 2009. Women in Family Business Leadership Roles: Daughters on the Stage. Edward Elgar Publishing. Baum, J.R., Frese, M. and Baron, R.A. 2014. The Psychology of Entrepreneurship. Psychology Press. Casson, M. 2000. Enterprise and Leadership: Studies on Firms, Markets, and Networks. Edward Elgar Publishing. Chan, K.Y. 2012. Entrepreneurship, professionalism, leadership: A framework and measure for understanding boundaryless careers. Journal of Vocational Behaviour 81, pp. 73-88. Cogliser, C.C. and Brigham, K.H. 2004. The intersaction of leadership and entrepreneurship: Mutual lessons to be learned. The Leadership Quaterly 15, pp.771-799. Colbert, F. 2003. Entrepreneurship and Leadership in Marketing the Arts. International Journal of Arts Management 6(1), pp. 30-39. Ensley, M.D., Pearce, C.L. and Hmieleski, K.M. 2006. The moderating effect of environmental dynamism on the relationship between entrepreneur leadership behavior and new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 21, pp. 243-263. Etemad, H. et al. 2013. Current Issues in International Entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar Publishing. Eyal, O. and Kark, R. 2004. How do transformational leaders transform organization? A study of the relationship between leadership and entrepreneurship. Leadership and Policy in schools, 3(3), pp.209-233. Fernald, L.W., Solomon, G.T. and Tarabishy, A. 2005. A New Paradigm: Entrepreneurial Leadership. Southern Business Review, pp.1-10. Fernando,M. 2007. Spiritual Leadership in the Entrepreneurial Business: A Multifaith Study. Edward Elgar Publishing. Francis, A.A. 2014. The Roles of Peace and Security, Political Leadership, and Entrepreneurship in the Socio-Economic Development of Emerging Countries. Author House. Gonzalez, D.L.E. 2014. Management, Leadership and Entrepreneurship in Latin America.: The New Land of Opportunity - The Real Leaders in the Global Economy. AuthorHouse. Goossen, R.J. and Stevens, R.P. 2013. Entrepreneurial Leadership: Finding Your Calling, Making a Difference. InterVarsity Press. Greenberg, D., Sweet, K.M. and Wilson, H.J. 2011. The New Entrepreneurial Leader: Developing Leaders Who Shape Social and Economic Opportunity. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Hulsing, R.D. 2009. Leadership and Entrepreneurial Success: The Relationship of Leadership Factors and Economically Successful Entrepreneurial Endeavors. Russell Hulsing. Kariv, D. 2013. Female Entrepreneurship and the New Venture Creation: An International Overview. Routledge. Kelly, L. 2014. Entrepreneurial Women: New Management and Leadership Models [2 volumes]: New Management and Leadership Models [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. Nothhaft, H. 2011. Great Again: Revitalizing America's Entrepreneurial Leadership. Harvard Business Review Press. Ruminski, E.L. 2012. Communicative Understandings of Women's Leadership Development: From Ceilings of Glass to Labyrinth Paths. Rowman Littlefield. Stimson, R.J., Stough, R. and Salazar, M. 2009. Leadership and Institutions in Regional Endogenous Development. Edward Elgar Publishing. Sung, T.K., Gibson, D.V. and Kang, B.S. 2003. Characteristics of technology transfer in business ventures: the case of Daejeon, Korea. Technological Forecasting Social Change, 70, pp.449-466. Vecchio, R.P. 2003. Entrepreneurship and leadership: common trends and common threads. Human Resource Management Review 13, pp.303-327. Yu, F.L.T. and Kwan, D.S. 2015. Chinese Entrepreneurship: An Austrian Economics Perspective. Routledge.

Personality Carl Jung and Myra Essay Essay Example

Personality: Carl Jung and Myra Essay Essay ? 1. Which personality type does Myra show. harmonizing to Freudian theory? Provide grounds for your reply. What caused it? Myra must hold experienced neurotic anxiousness in the presence of her husband’s â€Å"authority† as she antecedently must hold experienced unconscious feelings of devastation against her parents because of fright of penalty. so she exaggerates her cleansings and often portrays herself as a sufferer who does so much for others and asks so small for herself. when in world she normally over sees the cleansing and tells others what to make. and her hubby or kids help her. This same neurotic anxiousness makes her aggressive towards her neighbour as one time grass went winging into her garden from her neighbor’s while cut downing ; and as a consequence Myra threw a tantrum and did non speak to the neighbour for two old ages. Myra displays a distressing form of set uping relationships and so stoping them by being rude. She sometimes criticizes people to their faces. or she merely stops naming them. Furthermore. this neurotic anxiousness makes her concerned about passing money and she refrains from using it despite being in-between category and truly non hapless. We will write a custom essay sample on Personality: Carl Jung and Myra Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Personality: Carl Jung and Myra Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Personality: Carl Jung and Myra Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As a defence mechanism. Myra has developed an anal arrested development. which manifests in her compulsion with spruceness and methodicalness. 2. Why does Myra experience that cleaning the house is her duty? How would Jungian theory explain Myra following this traditional function? Harmonizing to Jung the head or mind has two degrees ; witting and unconscious. Unlike Freud. Jung believes that corporate unconscious refers to humans’ â€Å"innate inclination to respond in a peculiar manner whenever their experiences stimulate a biological familial response inclination. † This explains why Myra out of the blue reacts with love and continuity to the house cleanliness. tidiness and methodicalness although she had negative or at least impersonal feelings toward the occupation. particularly when we know that her female parent ever took attention of their house and thought that it was the woman’s duty to make so ; and Myra has learnt how to clean â€Å"correctly† from her female parent who punished her when she did non clean something exhaustively plenty. Of class. her female parents belief of house cleanliness was passed to her from her female parent and so on through coevalss until it became a collective unconscious which Jung sees as independent forces called originals which. when evolved. â€Å"can be conceptualized† into character. shadow. anima. animosity. great female parent. wise old adult male. hero. and self. 3. How could radical behaviourism explain Myra’s cleaning behaviour? Find illustrations of support of penalty that might hold influenced Myra’s cleaning behaviour. Harmonizing to Freud. Myra’s self-importance which is â€Å"the lone part of the head in contact with reality† and it is governed by the â€Å"reality principle† has made the determination on cleanness and spruceness of her house and pace. besides set uping things in order. And because the self-importance is partly witting. partially preconscious and partially unconscious. her self-importance can do determinations on each of these three degrees. Myra exaggerates in cleaning her house. clean uping her pace and garden and set uping her things in order as her self-importance consciously motivates her to take inordinate spruceness. tidiness and agreements because she feels comfy and proud of her estate and things being like this and people compliment her for this. Meanwhile she may be. on her preconscious degree. merely indistinctly cognizant of her old experience when her friends or neighbours foremost praised her for the manner she cleans the house. tidies the pace and the garden and arranges her things. Besides. she may be unconsciously motivated to be overly clean. neat and orderly â€Å"due to her childhood experiences of the lavatory training† and cleaning the house with her female parent so as to avoid hurting ensuing from her parents penalty and addition pleasance of their love and security. Besides it has been settled in her superego what she should and should non make because of her experiences with wages and penalty she must hold received from her parents during her childhood. Therefore she can be dominated by the superego. which consequences in her â€Å"guilt-ridden or inferior-feeling individual ; † 4. How could Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory explain Myra’s traditionally feminine cleaning behaviour? Harmonizing to Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory. the manner we react to expected events is normally more powerful than the event itself. Myra’s traditionally feminine cleaning behaviour can be explained on the footing of her detecting her female parent cleansing and possibly financially pull offing the house every bit good as holding the same belief that her female parent had as housekeeping is the chief duty of a adult female. Myra’s behaviour is besides reinforced by the regards she receives from her neighbours and friends who overtly express their esteems of her clean house. tidy pace and beautiful garden. This agreements with Bandura’s thought that support can be vicarious whether it is direct or indirect. Harmonizing to Bandura’s triadic mutual theoretical account that includes behavioural. environmental. and personal factors. Myra has the capacity to modulate her life ; and her behavioural cleanliness has turned into a consistent manner of measuring and modulating her societal and cultural environment. seeing that her house is cleaner. tidier and more beautiful than any house in the vicinity or any of her friends or relatives’ houses. 5. Which of Horney’s demands motivate Myra? Which of Horney’s neurotic tendencies does Myra show? Provide grounds for you answer. In conformity with Horney’s Psychoanalytic Social Theory. Myra has been influenced by cultural impacts of her society. Modern civilization is based on completion ( her hyperbole in cleanliness. tidiness and methodicalness compared to others ) which triggers off basic ill will ( in covering with her friends and neighbours ) . which. in return. consequences in isolation. ( her interruption up with friends and non take parting in productive voluntary work ) . that brings approximately â€Å"intensified demands for affection† ( her feeling of making everything entirely without being helped by anyone and exemplifying herself as sufferer or victim ) . Childhood at any phase is considered the beginning of most jobs as a consequence of traumatic events. During her childhood Myra was physically punished by her parents ; the thing which generated a feeling of deficiency of echt heat and fondness and developed into anxiousness and ill will towards others. From her behaviours of overdone cleanliness. ill will. salvaging money. and forbearing from take parting in productive voluntary work. Myra demonstrates some basic neurotic demands: ( 1 ) Need to curtail her life within narrow boundary lines: she does non take part in any productive activities such as voluntary work. and she prefers to pass all her clip and energy working on her house and pace. ( 2 ) Need for security and power: she economizes on everything and does non pass money. which represents a beginning of power to her. ( 3 ) Need to work others: she breaks up with friends and relations who do non return her invitations to repasts. ( 4 ) Need for societal acknowledgment or prestigiousness: she tries to be the best at cleansing and methodicalness and criticizes others as non equal to her. ( 5 ) Need for personal esteem: she likes people look up toing her house cleanliness. her pace and garden tidiness and beauty. and her methodicalness. ( 6 ) Need for flawlessness and unassailability: she ever cleans. tidy and rearrange her house. garden. pace and things so as non to be criticized ; on the contrary she ever criticizes and blames others.

The Puritans Burden essays

The Puritan's Burden essays Unconfessed sin and guilt can fester in the body and soul. In the setting of Puritan society, the themes of sin and guilt present themselves in the novel The Scarlet Letter and in the short story The Ministers Black Veil. In these two literary works, Nathaniel Hawthorne and a few critics express similar and different perspectives of the depiction of sin and guilt. In The Ministers Black Veil, Reverend Hooper realizes that all men are secret sinners; they hide their guilt and sorrow away from even their closest relations. Mr. Hooper acknowledges that he, too, belongs to the stained tribe by donning a black veil. Symbolic of this buried shame, he wears the veil at all times. Proving this point, Hoopers congregation, upon first sight of the veil, felt as if the preacher had crept upon them, behind his awful veil, and discovered their hoarded iniquity of deed or thought (Hawthorne, Minister 267). Wearing the veil precipitates a dramatic change in the Reverends relationship with his congregation. His parishioners no longer accept him as they did before the advent of the veil. The veil which so distinguishes him from his fellow villagers strikes fear in the hearts of all and causes them to dread his approach and to withdraw their friendship and companionship from him (Reed 1503). Whatever his sin or whatever his sorrow, by the act of wearing the veil, he openly admits his own kinship to the family of sinners. Then he has to deal with the consequences: ostracism, Although Mr. Hooper maintains that the veil merely symbolizes those failings common to all humanity, the townspeople do not know what to make of it. Some townspeople see the veil as an eccentricity, but gradually the fear develops that Mr. Hoopers conscience tortured him for some great crime too horrible to be entirely conc ...

Violence in the public schools Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Violence in the public schools - Research Paper Example Other forms of violence such as assault with or without weapons, theft, kicking, biting, and gang violence can lead to serious injury and to some extreme cases death (McCluskey 75-77). The public schools teachers have rated the following as the most common disciplinary problems in public schools. They consist of; talking out of turn, making noise, violations of the dress code, littering, drug and alcohol abuse, pregnancy, suicide, rape, robbery, and assault. This is because socialization in the public schools is often violent and cruel. Bullying, peer pressure, sexual tensions, racial cliques, and the competition for the approval of the teacher often create a stressful and violent environment. Cameron (57-59) reported that bullying can actually leave anyone feeling angry, frightened, depressed, and totally undermined. The children’s acts of bullying crop up because the bullies have a biased concept that the bully acts are justified According to Snell and Volokh (45-6) assert that the risk factors that contribute to violent behavior is attributed to the following: poverty which typically lays a foundation of discontent and anger; illegitimacy and breakdown of families, which often lead children to seek for stability and caring environments of gangs. They act violently during periods of unsupervised time. Moreover, the constantly shifting school demographics often reflect huge upheavals as communities undergo changes in economic well being, size, and racial and ethnic mix can impact negatively on the behavior of the youth. Next is that some of the children are subjected to neglect, sexual, and substance abuse by their parents making them to develop negative violent behavior pattern Another factor is societal violence rates and the juvenile violence rates. This makes the children to be affiliated to certain subcultures in the society. The subcultures decision to affiliate and

Innovation is the HVAC field - Thermoelectric cooling components Research Paper

Innovation is the HVAC field - Thermoelectric cooling components - Research Paper Example The technology has since been used to cool temperatures of devices by creating heat sinks for different electronic materials. The most recent applications of this type of technology are the â€Å"wristify† cooling system invented by four MIT students. The â€Å"wristify† is used for maintaining the body temperature at a personal level. This they managed through the use of two different conductors and a very small battery. In order for the cooling to take place, the then a DC current is applied so as to initiate the movement of electrons. The efficiency in thermo-electric cooling, depends on materials be selected keenly. Many thermo-electric coolers made today are from an alloy of Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3). Thermo-electric cooling poses very advantages like lack of mechanical maintenance and ability to be used in very small places. The technology has a place in the future since there is a possible use of the technology in marine engineering of submarines, night vision a nd many more others. Prototype wearable 'air-conditioning' device According to fox news, In the MIT, four engineering students have been able to develop a wrist worn body cooling device that is based upon the Peltier Effect and theory. The device code named wristify employs a series of two different conductors that are referred to as the Peltier cooler. The device is powered a very small battery and then attached to a wrist wrap so as to hold it in place. For the device to reduce the body temperature, it starts by reducing the wrist temperature in degree fractions every second for a specified time period. However, the students have not arrived at the correct time calculations, but they say that a reasonable cooling effect is achieved when the wrist is cooled by 0.4 degrees Celsius for five seconds. After this session, the device goes off for 10 seconds and maintains the interval. However, the four students are still on the process of calculating for optimal timings so as to perfect the device. The Wristify is one of the major breakthrough in human attempt to thermo-electric cooling (Balmer, 2011). With this device, a different person will be able to customize their own temperature ranges without affecting others. This is an aspect that many will appreciate. This rate of success is a sign that with the rise in advance technology and availability of resources, thermo-electric cooling can be utilized in areas that people had never imagined before. Thermo-electric cooling Definition Thermo-electric cooling refers to an application of the Peltier Effect to create a difference in temperature between two materials of different type. A thermo-electric cooler is usually a solid stated active that is able to transfer heat from one side of a device to the other. This is possible based on the following physical theories. First, when two different conductors are under electric contact, there is an electron flow out of the conductor that is less bound into the other conductor in which electrons are more. This is possible because of the dif ference in Fermi level between the two devices used as conductors. The Fermi level shows the difference in energy levels that are contained in different conductors occupied by electrons, and those that are not occupied. Therefore, when two conductors of different Fermi levels. This can be easily compared to diffusion in which molecules move from an area of high concentration to that of low concentration. How it works In order for the cooling to take

Personal code of ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal code of ethics - Essay Example This paper will focus on answering what ethics is, the ethics that the author stands for, where these ethical believes come from, and what are the major current influences on it. Ethics refers to the evaluation and study of the behavior of a human being in relation to the moral principles that govern the society. Moral principles are the expected standards of conduct that the society requires individuals to live and abide by them (Espejo, 2010). Ethics can also be defined as the principles of behavior that guide the manner in which employees of a certain profession need to behave (Espejo, 2010). Ethics always define the manner in which we as individuals need to behave when we are faced by serious and difficult situations. One of my codes of ethics is always to speak the truth, no matter the consequences of my action. It is always within my beliefs that honesty is the best virtue of life, and an honest society will always prosper in whatever issue they do. It is also within my belief that when people became honest, then chances are high that the various ills within the society will be solved. These are issues like theft and corruption, which always thrive when an individual wants to make a dishonest gain. This ethical code of conduct emanates from my religious beliefs of Islam. The Islamic teachings always advocate for honesty, and sincerity in any dealings between people. In the current era, there is always a need of transparency and integrity in the various business organizations and government institutions. These transparencies and integrity are all elements of honesty. Without honesty, integrity and transparency does not exist. Another ethical value that I believe in is the respect to my superiors and co-workers. Respect is an important virtue as well as an important ethical procedure. Within any organization, there is always an hierarchical structure that outlines who the leaders in the organization are. For anybody

Principles of first mover and late mover theory

Principles of first mover and late mover theory When companies need to decide whether to go ahead with a brand new un-marketed product and create it or review a similar product already in markets from other companies, they adopt the principle of the first-mover theory or the late-mover theory to make their decision. First Mover Theory Late Mover Theory: A Comparison Introduction Companies across the country are consistently being faced with tough decisions regarding business moves to make that will launch them forward in a new competitive market. There are two types of marketing strategies that companies look into when they want to diversify into a different product market. The first approach is called the first mover theory and the second is called the late mover theory. Both of these strategies have strengths and weaknesses that can either solidify or act as a detriment to the companys entry into the market. First Mover Theory Advantages The potential advantages of the first mover theory are numerous. For one, the corporation has the ability to attain exclusive company-product association. It can also find success through the effects of networking and see a rise in consumption as demand grows. First mover theory can help the company determine economies of scale and it can also lock the consumers up into the market, creating an exclusive customer base before additional competition enters. Several examples of success of this first mover theory are three products by the same manufacturer. The first was the Apple Ipod, Apple Iphone and Apple Ipad. Also included in this success story is E-Bay, the first to bring buying and selling into an online auction forum. First Mover Theory Disadvantages There are potentially just as many risks or disadvantages to this theory as well, and they must be taken in consideration before evaluating whether the company can afford to launch. One fallback is that this method does not always ensure long-term profits. Another risk is that competition has time to analyze market trends for the first product and capitalize on its weaknesses to strengthen response to their own product. Competitors can also specifically tailor the new product to consumer wants based on demographic surveys. The biggest risk of all is uncertainty of the market and whether or not the product will even be a success in the first place. Some examples of companies who suffered at the expense of corporations who capitalized on the late mover theory include Chux Diapers, who were surpassed by Proctor and Gambles Pampers. America Online is another company who fell by the wayside after taking a completely different spin on internet browsing. Other examples include web browsers such as Viola, who even pre-dated America Online. Most recently to succumb to the late mover theory was MySpace, recently surpassed in the social networking arena by Facebook. Late Mover Theory Advantages Like the first mover theory, there are many advantages of the late mover theory. By implementing this strategy, one advantage the company has is the ability to perfect the product before putting it on the market. The companies can also use demographic surveys to help them know how to tailor their product to their audience, which can maximize sale of the product. In addition, the late mover theory can also use its knowledge of the product to reduce production cost, making it more cost effective for the consumer. Also, it can market and develop the product to appeal to a wider array of consumers than that for which the original product was designed. There are a lot of prime examples of companies who have seen success by implementing the late mover theory. Some include Gillette, Facebook, Pampers disposable diapers, and Internet Explorer. All of these corporations have capitalized on companies who took the initial risk of implementing the first mover theory. Late Mover Theory Disadvantages As with anything, there are also potential risks and disadvantages. Because it is a late-comer into the market, it does not have established brand association. If proper research into the market is not done, it can also be attempting to capitalize on a dying product in general. A significant risk of late mover theory is creating a product that can potentially alienate customers if added features are superfluous rather than necessary. Late mover theory can also prove to be detrimental if timing into the market is not done correctly which can cause the product to suffer from the problem of uncertain necessity. Some of the companies who failed by this policy were Hummer, and their attempt to capitalize on what they did not realize was the dying trend of suburban utility vehicles. Two dichotomies, Pepsi Cola and Nestle Crunch are examples of both the success and failure of late mover theory. While they continue to do well on the market, neither Pepsi Cola nor Nestle Crunch has outperformed sales or the brand association that Coca Cola and Hersheys Chocolate bar have developed within their customer base. The same can be seen in the case of McDonalds vs. Rallys. Conclusions While late mover theory, by history, seems to be a safer method to guarantee profit success, it does not have the benefit of brand association that first mover theory establishes for the company. If the corporation eventually hopes to create brand loyalty and increase their revenue in that manner, first mover theory may genuinely be the key to success. However, if the companys goal is to be come a competitive organization in the consumer market and capitalize on different trends with instant revenue gratification, then late mover theory might be more beneficial. The final decision is contingent upon assessing the target demographic and results goal that the company is striving to achieve.

Emma by Jane Austen :: essays research papers

Emma by Jane Austen Setting Emma took place in small town called Highbury in 18th century England. During the time period set in the novel, there was a definite social rank, or hierarchy. Almost all of the scenes in the book take place in or around the estates of the characters. Their property mostly determined their social status. This setting has significance to the storyline, because of the social rank. Emma, who is constantly trying to play matchmaker, tries to convince her friend Harriet to marry someone of a higher class than her current love, a farmer. The characters are very aware of their status, and can be discriminating towards people of a lower class, such as the farmer. The book was most likely set in this place and time in order to include the conflicts of a hierarchal society. Character Analysis Emma Woodhouse: Emma is the main character of the novel. She is a beautiful, smart, and wealthy 21-year-old woman. Because of her admired qualities, Emma is a little conceited. She is the daughter of Henry Woodhouse. Since her mother has died, Emma has taken the role of taking care of her father, who is old and often sick. Because she feels she is obligated to stay by his side, Emma decides not to marry. Emma believes that she is a good matchmaker, and tries to put together several couples throughout the novel. Emma believes that social classes are very important and refuses to see anyone cross over to marry someone lesser than themselves In chapter 8-page 52, Emma is talking about Harriet’s situation with the farmer with Mr. Knightley. She says, â€Å"Mr. Martin is a very respectable young man, but I cannot admit him to be Harriet’s equal. As the novel progresses, Emma becomes more mature, and realizes how silly she had been in the past. In the end, she finally stops matchmaking others and marries Mr. Knightley, who was perfect for her all along. Mr. Knightley: Mr. Knightley is another main character of the novel. He is quite a bit older than Emma, at 38. He is also Emma’s brother in law. He often visits the Hartfield estate to play cards. He is a little protective of Emma, and often gives her advice to change her prying ways. Mr. Knightley, although high in status, does not fully believe in the hierarchal customs of Highbury. He thinks that people’s actions and feelings are better judges of themselves than their title or property. Emma by Jane Austen :: essays research papers Emma by Jane Austen Setting Emma took place in small town called Highbury in 18th century England. During the time period set in the novel, there was a definite social rank, or hierarchy. Almost all of the scenes in the book take place in or around the estates of the characters. Their property mostly determined their social status. This setting has significance to the storyline, because of the social rank. Emma, who is constantly trying to play matchmaker, tries to convince her friend Harriet to marry someone of a higher class than her current love, a farmer. The characters are very aware of their status, and can be discriminating towards people of a lower class, such as the farmer. The book was most likely set in this place and time in order to include the conflicts of a hierarchal society. Character Analysis Emma Woodhouse: Emma is the main character of the novel. She is a beautiful, smart, and wealthy 21-year-old woman. Because of her admired qualities, Emma is a little conceited. She is the daughter of Henry Woodhouse. Since her mother has died, Emma has taken the role of taking care of her father, who is old and often sick. Because she feels she is obligated to stay by his side, Emma decides not to marry. Emma believes that she is a good matchmaker, and tries to put together several couples throughout the novel. Emma believes that social classes are very important and refuses to see anyone cross over to marry someone lesser than themselves In chapter 8-page 52, Emma is talking about Harriet’s situation with the farmer with Mr. Knightley. She says, â€Å"Mr. Martin is a very respectable young man, but I cannot admit him to be Harriet’s equal. As the novel progresses, Emma becomes more mature, and realizes how silly she had been in the past. In the end, she finally stops matchmaking others and marries Mr. Knightley, who was perfect for her all along. Mr. Knightley: Mr. Knightley is another main character of the novel. He is quite a bit older than Emma, at 38. He is also Emma’s brother in law. He often visits the Hartfield estate to play cards. He is a little protective of Emma, and often gives her advice to change her prying ways. Mr. Knightley, although high in status, does not fully believe in the hierarchal customs of Highbury. He thinks that people’s actions and feelings are better judges of themselves than their title or property.

Education in the United States Essay

Education in the United States of America is governed by the Department of Education. There are three different levels of control and funding for public education: federal, state, and local. In the United States school is mandatory from Kindergarten through High School, consisting of thirteen different grade levels. Students can obtain an education by attending a public school, a private school, or a home school. In order to ensure that all students obtain the academic knowledge needed to progress through the grade levels, standardized tests are given regardless of where a student obtains an education (United States Department of Education, 2005). Education in the United States is governed and funded mainly by local jurisdictions, with the state and federal governments supervising educational activities and ensuring that all local jurisdictions are administering standardized tests and obtaining the funding needed to operate adequate educational facilities. The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution states that all powers that are not assigned to the federal government by the United States Constitution are reserved to the people or the individual states. As per the Tenth Amendment, the individual states control public education. Most states are divided into local jurisdictions that have elected school boards that oversee the individual school districts within its jurisdiction. The local school districts own and operate the public schools within its boundaries and are responsible for obtaining funding for each of the public schools they control (United States Constitution, Tenth Amendment, 1787). The majority of the funding for public education in the United States is obtained from local taxes and state governments. The federal government only provides 8. 5% of the funds for public education (National Center for Education Statistics, 2008). There has been some controversy over the No Child Left Behind Act passed in 2001 which allows the federal government to withhold funding if a state or local school district is not complying with the standards set forth in the No Child Left Behind Act. However, the funding withheld for non-compliance is not a significant amount (No Child Left Behind Act, 2001). There is a larger controversy over the local school districts obtaining funding primarily from local taxes. Local jurisdictions can impose many different types of taxes on its citizens. In the commonwealth of Massachusetts there has been controversy over the imposition of excise taxes and corporate taxes. Excise taxes are taxes that are not property taxes or taxes that are imposed based on statutory law. Corporate taxes are imposed on corporations within a certain jurisdiction that are paid to the local government. These taxes are in addition to any federal or state taxes that the corporation is responsible for. Businesses in the commonwealth of Massachusetts are required to pay quarterly excise taxes on an accelerated basis due 15 days prior to the end of each quarter. The first quarter payment is 40% of the required annual excise tax, the second and third payments are 25% each, and the fourth payment is 10% of the excise tax. The minimum amount of corporate excise tax required of all corporations operating within the commonwealth of Massachusetts is $456 per year regardless of whether or not the corporation made a profit that year (The National Federation of Independent Business, 2007). Chapter 70 Part 1, Title XII, Chapter 70 of the General Laws of Massachusetts regulates the financial disbursements awarded to each public school district throughout the commonwealth. The legislative intent of Chapter 70 is to assure fair and adequate minimum per student funding for public schools in the commonwealth by defining a foundation budget and a standard of local funding effort applicable to every city and town in the commonwealth (Chapter 70). Chapter 70 sets up rules on how to allocate the money. These rules set standards on how the money will be distributed if it is below a base amount or higher than a base amount. For example, in Section 13, Part B, the law states that â€Å"if the amount appropriated is more than the base amount, funds shall first be allocated to ensure that the state school aid for each municipality equals the base amount† (Chapter 70). This part tries to ensure that an equal distribution is set to each school. Although this is only occurs when more money is available, it still sets the standard that each school will at least get its base amount before other funds are distributed. In the event that there are not enough funds to cover the base, a formula has been established to attempt to make the distribution fair. The amount is reduced by a constant amount per student. The rate is found by the difference between the base amount and the actual amount divided by the total enrollment of the state (Chapter 70). Cambridge, Massachusetts Cambridge, Massachusetts is a city right outside Boston, Massachusetts. Cambridge is famous for its two prominent universities: Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The public school system in Cambridge is controlled by the Cambridge Public School District which consists of twelve elementary schools, of which eleven extend through eighth grade. There is only one high school in the Cambridge Public School District, Cambridge Rindge and Latin School. The Cambridge Public School District educates over 5,500 students every year with a project enrollment of 5,790 students for the 2008-2009 school year. The Cambridge Public School District has a proposed budget of $130,704,170. 00 for the 2008-2009 school year. This proposed budget has increased 2. 36% from the previous year. 75% of this proposed budget will be allocated to the individual schools within the district. The remaining 25% of this budget will be spent on administrative costs such as maintenance and security. The Cambridge Public School District is funded through a variety of sources in addition to local taxes. The Cambridge Public School District receives funds from thirteen federal grants awarded by the commonwealth of Massachusetts, eleven private grants, eleven revolving funds, ten state grants, two district federal grants, and one state-circuit breaker reimbursement. These grants account for $13,714,499 of the total funds needed to operate the schools within the Cambridge Public School District. The Cambridge Public School District also receives an average of $1,076 per student from Chapter 70 financial aid each year (Action Public Schools, 2006). Newton, Massachusetts Newton, Massachusetts is a suburb of Boston that consists of thirteen small villages. The Newton Public School District controls the fifteen elementary schools, four middle schools, and two high schools that are located in Newton, Massachusetts. The Newton Public School District educates an average of over 11,000 students each year throughout its twenty two public schools (Newton Public School District, 2008). The Newton Public School District has a proposed budget of $171,377,580 for the 2008-2009 school year. This proposed budget has increased 10. 5% from the previous year. According to this budget, the Newton Public School District spends $14,743 per student every year (Newton Public School District, 2008). The Newton Public School District is funded through a variety of sources in addition to local taxes. The Newton Public School District receives 55% of the revenue generated by the City of Newton. The Newton Public School District also receives over $8. 6 million dollars from federal, state, and private grants. Over $3 million dollars of the Newton Public School District budget is received from a program called Circuit Breaker which allocates special funds to school districts for additional special education courses. Federal, state, and private grants and the Circuit Breaker program account for almost $12 million dollars of the annual budget (Newton Public School District, 2006). The Newton Public School District also receives an average of $846 per student from Chapter 70 financial aid each year (Action Public Schools, 2006). Conclusions Allocating funds for public education in the United States is a complex process. Wealth and more funds do not necessarily lead to greater achievement by the students enrolled in the school district. Federal, state, and local jurisdictions must determine the most beneficial methods for allocating the educational funds available. These allocations are not equal and usually result in the more industrious neighborhoods receiving less funding from these sources, and incurring higher corporate taxes. The Newton Public School District receives less funding from external sources, and its businesses pay more corporate taxes. The allocated budget in the Newton Public School District is higher than the budget in Cambridge due to the fact that although the populations are similar, Newton operates twice as many educational facilities. . The Newton Public School District does not need the extra funds from external sources in order to reach its budget. Although the dollar amounts indicate an unfair advantage for the residents of Cambridge, both school districts are able to meet their budgets and educate their students adequately. Although the corporate tax system and excise tax system in Massachusetts may seem unfair to its businesses and residents, the public school districts within Massachusetts (including Newton and Cambridge) are able to meet the budget requirements due to the Chapter 70 allocations. The purpose of Chapter 70 is to create equality amongst the school districts and ensure that the cities that receive less corporate and excise tax are still able to operate successful public school districts so that every child within the commonwealth of Massachusetts has the opportunity to receive a quality education. REFERENCES The United States Census Bureau (2006). American FactFinder. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://factfinder. census. gov/ Action Public Schools (2006). Chapter 70 Aid Per Student High to Low. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://ab. mec. edu/about/Chapter70Aid/CH70PerStudentFY06. pdf Newton, Massachusetts (2008). 2008 Property Tax Rates. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. ci. newton. ma. us/Assessor/taxrate. htm Cambridge Massachusetts (2008). 2008 Property tax Rates. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. cambridgema. gov/CityOfCambridge_Content/documents/FY2008_Property_Tax_Update_Newsletter. pdf Newton Public School District (2008). General Information. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. newton. k12. ma. us Cambridge Public School District (2008). General Information. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. cpsd. us/index. cfm

Charley Chaplin Movie Review essays

Charley Chaplin Movie Review essays The movie is set in the 1930s during the Great Depression era. The film's main concerns are unemployment, poverty, and hunger. Chaplin alternates jobs from an assembly-line factory worker, a shipyard worker, a department store night watchman, an overstressed singing waiter, or an occupant in jail. He is constantly hassled by the 'Big Brother' factory boss, a minister, a sheriff, a shipyard foreman, a department store manager, etc. The film opens with an overhead shot of a flock of sheep shoved in their sheep pen and then the sheep dissolve into a similar overhead shot of industrial workers pushing out of a subway station on their way to work in a factory. Charlie Chaplins character The Tramp is a factory worker whose job it is to tighten bolts on an endless series of machine parts. Under the strain of the job, he finally goes crazy, slowly engulfed by the assembly line. He is hustled off in a car by a white-coated assistant, to be treated in a mental hospital for a nervous breakdo wn. Out on the streets, a young orphaned girl is hungry and wants to help feed her family. Her father is killed and her sisters are now in the hands of social service. She runs off from them and onto the streets of the town. She meets Chaplin and they agree to help each other. They go through many ups and downs with Charlie going to jail several times and not finding a home to live in. They both finally find a job and are successful until the social service men recognize her and try to arrest her. They both escape and walk along a long road to their new life together. The workers are portrayed as being machines. They work non-stop and have to work with the speed of the conveyer belt. They are seen as being substitution for machines. The harder they work, the more products will be made, the more money the company will get. The owner is the man that collects the money from the products that the workers make. He is seen ...

TheIndonesianpatternofgenocide essays

TheIndonesianpatternofgenocide essays The guidelines for genocide have been set. All the rules that clarify exactly what constitutes the act the crime of genocide have also been set forth. The U.N has even made the act of genocide a crime, punishable by death or life in prison. But, with that being said, the act of genocide and severe human rights violations still occur in todays complex and violent world. This is no more apparent than in East Timor. Timor is an island nation located at the southeastern end of the Indonesian archipelago. No larger than the state of Connecticut in the U.S.A. it has over 700,000 people. Just North of Australia, the island was colonized by the Portuguese in 1520. Over the next two centuries both the Dutch and the Portuguese claimed the island as their own. Eventually the island was divided with the Dutch taking the Western half and Portugal taking the Eastern half. East Timor remained a colony of Portugal for over four centuries until 1974. The population of East Timor as of 1975 was just under 700,000 people. Of that, 97% were natives of the island, while the Chinese made up 2% and the Portuguese made up the rest of the population. The island has a mountain range that runs through the middle that dominates the landscape. Most of the native peoples live in isolated villages. The main occupation is farming with some small coastal fishing villages scattered about. The Chinese run most of the trading outposts on the island. Christianity, specifically Roman Catholicism, is the major religion on East Timor, while the rest of Indonesia is strictly Islamic. As I will point out later, the difference in religion will play a significant role in some of the atrocities committed by the pro-Indonesian militias. The natives of Timor have experienced many episodes of conquest that included some form or other of genocide. The first occurred when the Portuguese originally colonized the island. The Portuguese were especiall...

David Sedaris' The Learning Curve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

David Sedaris' The Learning Curve - Essay Example The author has rightly presented that the essay â€Å"The Learning Curve† is witty and artful. Here, Sedaris does not conform to the aspect of seriousness, which most artists employ in literary fiction or in the category of serious nonfiction. Sedaris in this essay, therefore, does not aspire to the formality that is adopted in most literary works. For this reason, this essay, including other essays by Sedaris, make him unique. Sedaris works are, therefore, different, compared to the works of other authors today, who has taught in universities or higher learning institutions, and whose works are examined in seminar rooms. Sedaris does not, therefore, share similar objectives with the other such authors, whose ambition is to set standards in the literary world. â€Å"The Learning Curve† is light and full of humor, and lacks seriousness and profoundness. This essay is also simple, thus easy for the reader to understand. The straightforwardness employed by Sedaris in the e ssay does not require a reader to interpret or look for the literary meaning of the essay. In addition, the prose employed in the essay is simple. On the contrast, a serious essay would require a reader to consider the implications of the art form and to read the essay with considerable emotional depth. However, in Sedaris’ essay, a reader is not required to make such efforts. Instead, the essay is easy to read, artful, and entertaining. There are various humorous situations in the essay â€Å"The Learning Curve.† A part of the humor in the essay centers on the teaching methods of Sedaris at the beginning. For instance, Sedaris asks his students for food recipes for his slow cooker (Sedaris 86). He then tries to convince his students that this would help them to develop their writing outlines. Additionally, Sedaris plays his favorable his favorite soap operas after which he asks his students to write papers on what would happen next (Sedaris 86). In another instance, Sedaris asks his students that writing becomes fiction when they write it down and fail to say it loud (Sedaris 92-3). Another humorous situation in this essay is when Sedaris opens his briefcase during his first class, and lets out leaf-shaped papers, which he wants his students to use as nametags, â€Å"I arrived bearing name tags fashioned in the shape of maple leaves. I’d cut them myself out of orange construction paper and handed them out along with a box of straight pins. .† (Sedaris 84). Although Sedaris made these tags by himself, when the students ask him whether the tags were handmade, Sedaris argues that they were store bought. Nonetheless, these among other humorous are effective in this essay, as they help to remove seriousness in the essay, even though the author passes on important themes. Although â€Å"The Learning Curve† is humorous, this addresses the intelligence of the reader. The author presents his themes in a clever manner and in an easy way for the reader. Nonetheless, this essay is engaging and intellectually vigorous. For instance, Se

Discussion 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Discussion 1 - Essay Example These are the components that make up the content of art piece. Therefore, content can then be defined as the significance of the art components in a visual rendering. Clear examples of these definitions can be seen in the Catalonia painting collection of Rebecca Crowell which clearly depicts the strong formation of the painting and the content that comes to the fore once the brain has had time to absorb the lines, drawings, and scratches that make up the content of her colorful art work. The relationship between the content and form of the painting is what our eyes see as art. These two components combine to create a thought process in our minds pertaining to the overall effect of the visual qualities as seen in the painting. The two cannot be separated because the form of the painting is what we see while the content is the meaning of what we see as interpreted by our minds. Although the message of a painting in terms of content and form are believed to be timeless, the interpretation of the viewer tends to change over the years. This can be attributed to the fact that people learn more about the background and influences of the artist and his state of mind at the time the painting was created, thus changing any interpretation or understanding that future generations may have about the art work. However the original interpretation shall always stand the test of time as the baseline interpretation of an artists work. Your definition pertaining to content and form is certainly succinct. It is a clear definition that can easily be understood by any lay reader. However, I beg to differ with you in terms of your view that whenever form changes, content changes as well. There have been other painters such as the Kleophon Painter who painted the same content in various forms throughout time. He painted many Red Figure Attic vases while sticking to specific genres. These themes included, Greek mythology, domestic themes, and paintings of warriors. Although he

Linkedln Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Linkedln - Essay Example LinkedIn was officially launched in 2003, with a wide network. The company possesses a diversified business model and generates its revenue from talent and marketing solution along with subscription of premium products. It is a social networking site used by the professionals for their business purposes as well as to increase connectivity with the public and other allied professionals in different fields. The site is used for various marketing reasons by the companies and it provides an opportunity to the members to showcase their talents. It provides a business oriented atmosphere and its objective is to increase connectivity. It is a useful social media for developing marketing strategies to increase connectivity for the professionals (LinkedIn Corporation, 2013). Risk Factors The social media with the advancement of technology is becoming an integral part of business networking. The platform is aggressively used by the businesses for the purpose of marketing along with increasing connectivity. LinkedIn can trigger a wide variety of risks to the organizations such as the risk of information leakage. The risk factors involved can be the leakage of confidential information by the third party which can prove to be a breach. The placement of the advertisements on the site of LinkedIn at times can be tricky which might make the user to download the infected application which causes leakage of personal information. This might lead to the misuse of data and might cause a fraudulent act. The loss of privacy can be a risk for the companies using the platform and their customers as well owing to the fact that a significant extent of personal and corporate information is exchanged through LinkedIn. The risk involved for these sites largely come from the hackers as th ey tend to extract the information and cause legal risk. The platform being open for every user does not provide adequate safety, security on social and legal basis. At the same time, the social networking site is useful for showcasing the prevailing opportunities and talents (Navetta, 2011). Growth History and Reasons for Growth LinkedIn site has shown a growth trend in the past few years. In the year 2003, the site had 4500 members in its network. With the use of the diversified business model, the LinkedIn platform has shown a tremendous growth. It has at present nearly 225 million users in not less than 200 countries. It also has revealed a steady growth as it has 4800 employees worldwide in more than 20 languages. The total revenue amassed by LinkedIn in 2013 has been nearly US$393 Million with the increase in the number of members. Moreover, officials from Fortune 500 companies are their members. LinkedIn uses the data driven strategy to enhance the growth of the site and incr ease its revenue. The data provided through the site to the end users are helping to improve the marketing strategies of the user companies. This strategy is facilitating the business and the members to decide on the marketing strategies along with decision making to increase the performance. This kind of strategy aids in providing accurate and efficient data which in turn facilitates the social networking platform in increasing the subscription and in generation of revenue. LinkedIn makes money by using premium accesses, sales of ad for the products and by providing solution to the corporate clients (LinkedIn Corporation,

Islam a Religion of Peace Essay Example for Free

Islam a Religion of Peace Essay And then there is the question of characterizing Islam as â€Å"peaceful† and doing so under duress. That is, when you are being pursued and hounded by people who brand you as totally irrational and uncontrollably violent. So, you have a knee-jerk reaction, purely defensive and purely self-protective and blurt out that you are a â€Å"peaceful religion. † And you are absolutely and one hundred percent right in saying that. For, Islam is all about peace and truth and justice and kindness and compassion. But that is not what your accusers and tormenters are saying. They are pointing to all the violence that is going on in different parts of the Muslim world, violence in which Muslims are involved in one way or another, and saying that it is all Islam’s fault. But what some of these people conveniently forget is that there are all kinds of background factors and conditions that lead to violence in individuals, groups, nations and societies. They forget that peace is one state of human life and reality. Another is strife and conflict. A third reality of human life is force. Peace is the ideal state to which we all aspire and toward which we all work. Strife is the sad and gloomy reality in which human life is all too often mired. Legitimate, lawful and societally sanctioned force is the instrument that human beings have devised for minimizing and controlling strife and for maximizing peace. The foundation of true and lasting peace on earth and in any society is justice, love, compassion, integrity, truth, reasonableness and sound morality. Where this foundation is absent or weak, and where people’s most basic needs and legitimate rights and aspirations are not met, and are persistently and blatantly denied, chances of stable and lasting peace are minimized or jeopardized. All too often, then, those who have been systematically denied their basic and legitimate rights, and who are not allowed by nations, societies and governments any rightful recourse to the redress of their lawful grievances, begin to resort to force and violence as an instrument of resistance to their domination, subjugation and exploitation by others and for the amelioration of their situation. There are all kinds of university books, full of all kinds of theories, that explain why and how people develop violent tendencies and behavior.

Essay --

Plenty of researchers have done reviews about the impact of cyber warfare to take effect in the recent decades. Voices and opinions are different, when it comes to whether cyber war will take place or not, with most of the articles claiming that cyber security is alarming towards a negative effect. Like Arquilla & Ronfeldt,(1993) wrote about the coming of cyber war, and further went on to state that â€Å"industrialization led to attritional warfare by massive armies (e.g., World War I). Mechanization led to maneuver predominated by tanks (e.g., World War II). The information revolution implies the rise of cyber war†. However, Rid,(2012) pointed out that cyber war will not take place, clearly defined what cyber war entails, and make clear the difference between cyber-attacks and warfare. 2. Definitions Before advancing the discussion on whether cyber war will take place or not, definitions of some relevant terms should be clear. The definition of cyber space, war, and cyber-attack, to some degree will be helpful to the discussion in this report. Therefore continuing further, one question should be asked: what is war? The most concise concept of war was offered by Clausewitz in 1980 (Schweizer, 2009), which has three main elements, namely: Violent, instrumental, and political. He went further to concluded that if any aggressive or defensive actions need to be introduced as a war, the criteria and justifications of going into the war has to be met. Violent character is the ï ¬ rst element of war, according to Rid (2012); War is defined as an act of violence to force the enemy to ‘do our will’. Wars are violent no matter what scale it is; where it takes place and what purpose it aims at. Back to the history of human beings, the wars cause h... ...ources from other countries in the world as Western European countries cannot supply resources abundantly by its own. Then those capital countries launched wars on countries which lagged behind, while industrializing their own economy. There is a saying in diplomacy that ‘A country does not have permanent friends, only permanent interests’. Applying it in the definition of war, it is pretty clear that wars are for interest and just for interest alone. In the confrontation of two sides, there must be something that both sides want to fight for, and the benefit of winning the war has to be beyond the loss in the war, if not, war will not take place since double lose situation do not meet the requirement of political benefits. It is quite important to make further illustration as to why cyber war will not take place and it will be discussed in the following as follows.

Fight On

Heritage Hall is filled with retired jerseys, trophies and game balls. Over the past 125 years, Cuss's football team has fielded more Hessian trophy winners than any other school with seven. 37 of its players has been elected and enshrined in the College Football Hall Of Fame. In this hallow hall also stands Cuss's 11 National championship trophies; with its last trophy in 2004. The dim lights enshrined memorabilia and revered site all adds to the game day experience. From Heritage Hall, the next stop is the Grand Old Lady or commonly referred to as ‘The Coliseum†. Outside the Coliseum is the diehard, devoted fan base.At 7 am the parking lot is filled with diehard fans that come early to tailgate prior to the game. As you make your way to the entrance of the Coliseum the spices and smell of perfectly seasoned food attacks your senses. You can't help but notice the camaraderie and friendships formed while the alcohol flows. It is in the parking lot you see the dedication a nd years of loyalty displayed by its fans. In the front row nearest to the stadium stands the most dedicated fan. An older man, scruffy looking stands next to his Winnebago. He is dressed in the traditional garbs for the day.His Winnebago is covered from front to back in Cardinal and Gold; from his speakers blares the schools song ‘Aught On'. Walking by he gives you the greeting of the day ‘Fight on' and talks about the upcoming slaughter that is to commence shortly. Following the steady flow of fans you start to take in the beauty and craftsmanship in the construction of the stadium. The architect spared no expense in the details of this finely designed piece of modern history. At the entrance of this modern Art Deco inspired stadium stands two bronze statues o commemorate â€Å"Olympic Gateway†.Looking around, the stadium features long horizontal lines that flow as smooth as the Mississippi River. The curves and portholes reminiscent of woman's body pay tribute to the old Greek and Roman style. The closer you get to the stadium you begin to hear the roar of the crowd. The stadium trembles as 93,000 Cardinal and Gold clad fans chant and cheer for their favorite football team. Down on the sideline is Tommy Trojan and his majestic white steed Traveler. Next to them is the beautiful USC ‘Song Girls' as they await the team's entrance into the stadium.In the North Tunnel you can see the team walking toward the field. Hand and Hand the players march as one team. U-S-C, U-S-C chants are deafening as they run out onto the field escorted by Tommy Trojan and the Song Girls. Seeing the players trotting onto the field the fans are riled up into a frenzied state. At that moment the Spirit of Troy Marching Band strikes up to the tune of Seven Nation Army. The crowd responds by singing along. You can see the fear in the opponent's eyes as they await their fate. After all the prename festivities, kickoff has finally arrived.Tommy Trojan and Traveler make their way to mid field. His armor is clean, on the brightest day you can see your reflection. With precision and accuracy he swings his blade. His movements are flawless his blade slices thru the air like a hot knife thru butter and with authority he buries his sword deep into the field. It's game time! As the game goes on the crowd is fully engaged. With every tackle, catch; you hear the crowds JOSH and SHAHS. When USC scores a touchdown the crowd becomes chaotic, like animals that has tasted blood and is awaiting the final kill.High fives and hugs are seen around the stadium. It is a good day, from the opening kickoff to the final sound Of the game a USC Game produces on every level. From the history viewed thru the glass at Heritage Hall to the prename festivities at the Coliseum USC Football games are one for the history books. The dedication of an overwhelming fan base; plus the high expectations makes for an outstanding game day atmosphere. The fans, traditions and champi onships makes the University of Southern California Football game the ultimate game day experience.

Twelfth Night

Twelfth Night is a light-hearted comedy written by William Shakespeare between 1598 and 1601. Even though this play is a comedy, it also has pain in its content which is mostly inflicted on the three main characters, Viola. The pain they experience is mostly caused by the lack of self-knowledge they have about themselves or others, and by unrequited love. This pain makes Twelfth Night the play it is. Orsino experiences pain throughout Twelfth Night. â€Å"Even so in a minute! So full of shapes is fancy. That it alone is high fantastical. † Here Orsino pours out his hearts pain because of his infatuation love which is unrequited. He states that love is just in the imagination and it’s nothing more than fantastical, in these words pain can be felt and it easily to empathize with. Orsino has caused his pain upon himself as he doesn’t have enough self-knowledge to realize his love for Olivia is infatuation. Olivia’s requited love for Cesario ensures her pain in Twelfth Night. Olivia’s love is true but it is aimed at the wrong person as Cesario is under disguise therefore her love for him will always remain one-sided. Olivia says in the play â€Å"I would you were as I would have you be. † Olivia tries to make Cesario see that she wishes he loves her despite of his countless refusals towards her love, this causes Olivia hurt as she doesn’t clearly understand why Cesario doesn’t want her as she doesn’t lack wealth, status or looks. Viola or Cesario lacks self-knowledge of others, in specific mostly with Orsino. She doesn’t seem to observe that Orsino’s love is artificial. â€Å"I’ll do my best to woo your lady. Yet, a barful strife! Whoe’er I woo, myself would be his wife. † Viola gets her heart wounded and full of pain when she has to woo on her masters behalf. She secretly loves him therefore wooing a woman for him will cause pain and hurt upon any female. Viola also causes pain upon Olivia and in the process hurts herself, her pain is shown when she says â€Å"Poor lady, she were better to love a dream. Disguise, I see thou art a wickedness. Viola isn’t blaming her disguise for the pain she is bringing upon herself and others; she is acknowledging that she has chosen this path for herself. In conclusion, although Twelfth Night is a comedy, it has a fair amount of pain inflicted into the plot. Through this discussion, it has come to attention that a lot of pain could’ve been avoided if the characters had more self-knowledge about themselve s and others, but if they did, there wouldn’t have been a Twelfth Night with suspense and a climax. Twelfth Night Twelfth Night is a comedy and a marvel. This play conveys many messages that are seen by the audience, but not seen by the characters in the play. There are many points involving love, friendship, conflicts and confusion. Twelfth Night displays characters that are mad, in love, and desperate for love. Twelfth Night has many conflicts that occur because characters fail to listen to messages. Viola is a character who has just thought that her brother has died in a shipwreck that they were both in. Viola disguises herself as a man to seek employment under the Duke Orsino’s court. The confusion occurs, when Viola tells Orsino that she loves someone (Orsino), when she tells Olivia that she cannot love a woman, and when Viola reveals some true facts about her identity to other characters, such as Feste the fool. Confusion is always occurring in Twelfth Night, and characters are too blinded by love to see the truth behind everything. Viola speaks to Orsino as a servant, and explains her past, her family, and her love, even though she is disguised as a man. She speaks to Orsino in a secretive manner, not to give away her true identity and feelings towards the Duke. I am all the daughters of my father’s house, and all the brothers, too – and yet I know not. † (II. VI. 130-135) Viola reveals that she is a different person inside, and that she is both brother and daughter, meaning that even though her appearance is that of a man, she is truly a female. Viola also explains her love many times to Orsino, but in a way that he does not understand. Orsino does not realize that Viola/Cesario is a woman. Viola expresses her love for the Duke to Olivia as well. [Olivia] â€Å"Where lies your text? [Viola] In Orsino’s bosom. Olivia] In his bosom? In what chapter of his bosom? [Viola] To answer by the method, in this first of his heart. † (I. V. 220-225) Viola tells Olivia that she loves Orsino, and is in his heart, but Olivia, thinking that Viola is a male, does not listen to her true message. Viola keeps her true identity very secret, but also lets other people think about her inner person, as she reveals some facts about herself. She also speaks in a different manner than most men around her, which makes her a bit different. She does not like to fight, and does not act like a drunk. Viola/Cesario also speaks to Olivia about not loving a woman. Viola admits to Olivia that she is someone who cannot, and will not love another woman. Olivia, having fallen in love with Cesario/Viola, is blinded by love and does listen to Viola’s important words. As Viola tries to tell Olivia that she cannot love her, Olivia just falls even more in love, which creates much more confusion between them. Viola, being annoyed with Olivia’s stubborn character, says something that snaps Olivia out of her dream world. â€Å"Then think you right. I am not what I am. (III. I. 145-150) Viola hints to Olivia, as she did to Orsino, that she is different from her actual appearance. These characters, such as Olivia and Orsino, have gotten so caught up in their love, and search for love that they have caused confusion for all. Olivia’s and Orsino’s behaviour affects them personally. Olivia tries to convince Cesario/Viola to love her, but Viola, being intelligent, replies to Olivia. â€Å"I pity you. † (III. I. 125-130) Viola explains her pity for Olivia, because she sees, how desperate Olivia is for love. No man would have responded this way to a lady such as Olivia, which shows some more of Viola’s true personality and character. Viola has told Olivia her true feelings towards her, and partially reveals that she is not really a man, which creates a twist for Olivia’s point of view. Still, Olivia being blinded by love, and desperate for a man, does not interpret Viola’s message. Viola attempts to speak with Feste the fool, but even he does not fully understand her secret. Nor does he understand who is in love with whom. Feste the fool is a wise clown, who has perfected his profession, yet does not realize when Viola /Cesario is trying to tell him something about her true character. The fool is also blinded by trickery and his own personality. Viola, whom everyone thinks to be Cesario – a servant for Orsino – is slowly unveiling her true personality and secret. No one seems to listen to her, thus causing many misunderstandings, odd occurring, and mysterious acts between the characters. [Fool] â€Å"Now Jove, in his next commodity of hair, send thee a beard! Viola] By my troth I’ll tell thee, I am almost sick for one, ‘aside’ though I would not have it grown on my chin. –† (III. I. 45-50) Viola tells Feste that she would not like a beard, but the truth is that she cannot grow one. As Sebastian enters the next scene, and becomes a more involved character, he is important because his sister Viola looks very much like him. They are twins, so as other characters see them, their confusion rises, and more conflicts occur. Feste the fool does not realize who is who, when he is speaking to Viola/Cesario or Sebastian. Sebastian] â€Å"Go to, go to, thou art a foolish fellow. Let me be free of thee. [Fool] Well held out, i’ faith. No, I do not know you, nor am I not sent to you by my lady to bid you come speak with her, nor your name is not Master Cesario, nor this is not my nose neither. Nothing that is so is so. † (IV. I. 5-10) Sebastian urges the fool to go on his way and not to bother him, but the fool, thinking that Sebastian is Master Cesario, tells Sebastian that Lady Olivia wants to speak with him. Sebastian does not know Olivia and is bewildered. In this happening, more and more misunderstanding, uncertainty and disorder is occurring. Characters are blinded by their own needs, and are self centered. They do not listen to Viola as she tries to reveal her identity. She tells Orsino, Olivia and the fool, traits of herself that prove her to be a woman, but they are all dumbfounded. As this play unravels, the characters all find their true mate, or have ended up alone, and Viola gets reunited with her brother who was thought to have been lost in the shipwreck. Twelfth Night is a comedy and a marvellous play that will trick the minds of all.